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This could be caused by confounding variables that may be associated with SALP, including breed variability, underlying disease processes and differences in detection methods.
The genetic diversity analysis of Marathwada buffaloes displayed moderate level of within breed variability in terms of mean number of alleles per locus (4.48) and heterozygosity values (Ho = 0.532, He = 0.624).
Similarly, not all genes among those with largest breed – variability are involved in spermatogenesis (Table 7, Additional File 5).
Then, we studied whether any specific GO biological process was overrepresented in all genes for that module, i.e., not only those that showed high breed variability.
The z-score breed variability was larger in the male gonads than in the rest of tissues, in agreement with the variance component analysis from Table 1.
Considering that a large heterogeneity in SDzbreed was observed between tissues, we investigated whether there were any genes that consistently showed large breed variability across several tissues.
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Such breed-to-breed variability applies equally to the canine skull, however little is known about whether this translates to systematic differences in cerebral organization.
The intra-breed variability of the terminal half-life was similar in each breed, with a coefficient of variation of 20-25%.
Breeds from Northern Italy, except for ORO and VPS, overlapped each other, with individual points occupying small areas on the graph, which may account for the reduced within-breed variability, together with some degree of between-breed differentiation.
Understandably, such haplotype and/or breed-specific variability in these map resources could translate into ambiguities evidenced by sequence-map comparisons, which may have impacted the fine-scale assembly, or previous validations of the bovine reference sequence.
Running both PCA and between-breed PCA allows under a model-free basis i) to compare the patterns of differentiation when performing the analyses at an individual level or at a population level and ii) to quantify the proportion of the total between-individual variance explained by the partitioning of genetic variability into breeds (between-breed variance).
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