There are three main breed lineages within the breed today, and characteristics differ slightly between each line.
Published results were reassessed and original data are provided regarding the origin and relatedness of four postulated chicken breed lineages, egg-type, game, meat-type and Bantam, to each other and to the basic ancestral species of jungle fowls, Gallus gallus.
These six horses are the foundation horses of the three main breed lineages: Andrade, Veiga and Coudelaria Nacional (Portuguese State Stud).
When we analyzed the CN data based on the taurine (BTA) and indicine (BIN) lineages irrespective of the breed origin, we found that bulls in the BTA lineage had significantly higher MCN (202) than bulls in the BIN lineage (178) and the composite breeds (Beefmaster, Santa Gertrudis and Qinchuan, 170).
Initial grouping of several of the highland terriers (including the Scottie) under the generic name Skye Terriers caused some confusion in the breed's lineage.
The horses, bred from champion lineage, won some of the industry's biggest races.
The animals are heritage breeds, meaning their lineage predates industrial food production.
Because all lineages breed in both locations, they provide useful comparisons of how populations may differ in their nest construction in these different breeding environments.
In parallel, a control lineage bred in cages under random mate assignment (monogamous line).
The promiscuous lineage bred in seminatural enclosures that mimic the social ecology of commensal Mus domesticus in nature; the incidence of multiple paternity [ 42], population density [ 32], and sex ratio [ 33] are all consistent with measurements from natural populations.
