Breakdown voltage, detection efficiency, afterpulsing and timing response jitter of all APDs demonstrated no notable change after thermal annealing.
In this study, design and optimization studies of a sample introduction system based on ultrasonic nebulization of metal salts in aqueous environment for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic detection were presented.
Several associations have been found between personality traits and genes that govern the breakdown, recycling or detection of neurotransmitters (the molecules that seep from neuron to neuron) in the brain systems underlying mood and motivation.
Fig. 7 Breakdown of malware detection by opcode category.
A breakdown of music detection rates into different genres is summarized in Table 5.
Breakdown voltage, afterpulsing, detection efficiency and timing jitter of the irradiated APDs were characterized and shown to be in the range acceptable for quantum communications.
In addition, parameters such as fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs) and D-dimers have been used to evaluate the extent of fibrinolysis with measurement of D-dimers as the only diagnostic test for detection of breakdown of cross linked insoluble fibrin.
For each MPPC, gain, breakdown voltage, noise rate, photo detection efficiency, and cross-talk and after-pulse rate are measured as functions of the bias voltage and temperature.
Key features of the tested devices when operated at 90% breakdown probability are peak photon detection efficiencies between 40%and55%5%, temperature dependencies of gain and PDE that are less than 1%/°C, dark rates of ∼50 kHz/mm2 at room temperature, afterpulsing of about 2%, and direct optical crosstalk between 6% and 20%.
For detection of optical breakdown experimental criteria include plasma luminescence, cavitation bubble formation, and transmission loss [ 7].
