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We further demonstrate that the increased survival of transferred dTg B cells is BAFF-dependent and that BAFF cooperates with T cells to breach tolerance in these mice.
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Our findings suggest that even in these patients, BAFF may play a role in breaching tolerance.
This cytokine has, therefore, aroused much interest because of its association with maintaining and breaching tolerance.
The three stages or events in disease development include: breach of tolerance in the adaptive immune system (loss of tolerance in B cells and T cells), amplification of autoimmunity through innate and adaptive immune system dysregulation, and end-organ damage [ 6].
A major concept in autoimmunity is that disruption of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) predisposes to breach of tolerance.
However, there is increasing recognition that understanding the immunobiology of target tissues will also have direct relevance to disease natural history, including breach of tolerance.
Therefore, it is probable that other immune abnormalities contribute to the breach of tolerance in NZB dTg mice.
While our findings suggest a role for BAFF in the breach of tolerance in NZB dTg mice they do not precisely recapitulate those in BAFF-Tg dTg mice.
Treatment with anti-CD4 mAb significantly reduced anti-HEL Ab production in NZB dTg mice (Figure 3D), suggesting that CD4+ T cell help contributes to the breach of tolerance in these mice.
In addition, production of autoAb in NZB dTg mice is T cell-dependent, while T cells are not required for the breach of tolerance in BAFF-Tg dTg mice.
It has been suggested that a polymorphism in the promoter region of the fcgr2b gene that leads to reduced expression of FcγRIIb in germinal centre B cells, may contribute the breach of tolerance in NZB mice [46], [47].
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