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He also composed logical text-books on division, categorical syllogisms, and on two branches of logic which will require further explanation (see below, Section 3): hypothetical syllogisms and topical reasoning (along with a commentary on Cicero's Topics).
The formal study of fallacies was established by Aristotle and is one of the oldest branches of logic.
The branches of logic tree are derived by postulating alternate hypotheses for some parameters and introducing additional variance in case of other parameters.
In addition to deductive logic, there are other branches of logic that study inferences based on notions such as knowing that (epistemic logic), believing that (doxastic logic), time (tense logic), and moral obligation (deontic logic), among others.
This method makes no difference to the theorems that can be derived, but, in some branches of logic (though not in PC), it is simpler to work with axiom schemata rather than with particular axioms and substitution rules.
Examining a variety of mysteries, such as why so many branches of logic (syllogistic, Stoic, inductive, and symbolic) have arisen only in particular places and periods, If A, Then B is the first book to situate the history of logic within the movements of a larger social world.
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The first book he began writing was on probability, which he treated as a branch of logic.
Some mathematicians and philosophers consider set theory, which studies membership relations between sets, to be another branch of logic.
The prominence of logic in foundations led some people, referred to as logicists, to suggest that mathematics is a branch of logic.
Principia Mathematica is a herculean attempt to demonstrate mathematically what The Principles of Mathematics had argued for philosophically, namely that mathematics is a branch of logic.
The simplest and most basic branch of logic is the propositional calculus, hereafter called PC, so named because it deals only with complete, unanalyzed propositions and certain combinations into which they enter.
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