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Small stature is easy to accommodate, but small brain size is a bigger problem - it still is".
Although total brain size is a proportional measure of neocortex size in primates, future research should incorporate brain organization and tissue type in the analysis of sexual selection and brain evolution.
The discrepancy suggests that, per gram, the cost of primate brain tissue scales faster than the cost of non-neuronal bodily tissues, which calls for a modification of the "expensive tissue hypothesis" of brain evolution [11], according to which brain size is a limiting factor.
Brain size is a key adaptive trait.
Brain size is a traditional metric of intelligence.
Brain size is a trait of historical and evolutionary interest [ 13], and is on occasion the focus of unpopular hypotheses related to normal function and individual differences [ 14].
Similar(54)
Although the team acknowledged that Morton often reported results in a "highly racist fashion," in this case it found no evidence that Morton believed brain size was a measure of intelligence or was trying to prove it.
In a 1981 book, "The Mismeasure of Man," the paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould asserted that Morton, believing that brain size was a measure of intelligence, had subconsciously manipulated the brain volumes of European, Asian and African skulls to favor his bias that Europeans had larger brains and Africans smaller ones.
It is often assumed that increasing brain size was a general evolutionary trend in primates, yet recent fossil discoveries have documented brain size decreases in some lineages, raising the question of how general a trend there was for brains to increase in mass over evolutionary time.
We propose that the evolution of brain size is mediated by a functional trade-off between increased cognitive ability and reproductive performance and discuss the implications of these findings for vertebrate brain evolution.
However, several studies have failed to find a relationship between brain size and urban living [ 18- 20], and it has been questioned whether whole brain size is in fact a useful measure of behavioural flexibility and innovation [ 21].
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