Sentence examples for brain reinforcement from inspiring English sources

Dopamine is integral to leading theories of an impulsive personality phenotype [ 3, 4] and plays a crucial role in brain reinforcement circuits [ 2, 5].

We suggest the A1 allele confers a greater need for practice to overcome inherent reinforcement-related learning deficits associated with fewer dopamine receptors in key brain reinforcement sites.

Nonetheless, it is clear that, in the nucleus accumbens shell, a critical component of the brain reinforcement and reward circuit, a positive balance (i.e., ready glucose supply) is maintained in response to salient stimuli and during the entire behavioral cycle.

Associations with addictive disorders have led to the hypothesis that ANKK1 is a reinforcement gene and those with the A1 allele are more likely to manifest brain reinforcement mechanism deficits than those without this allele [ 2, 5].

The cloned receptor for ghrelin (GHS-R1A) is present, however, not only in discrete hypothalamic cell groups regulating energy balance but also in a number of other central nervous system (CNS) sites, such as the hippocampus, brainstem and reinforcement areas (Guan et al. 1997) implying a role for ghrelin in brain reinforcement.

The presence of the A1 allele of the TaqIA polymorphism (rs1800497) in the ANKK1 gene [ 9] (i.e., A1A1 and A1A2 genotypes) has been associated with reduced D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) density in key structures linked to brain reinforcement, particularly in the striatum.

The findings suggested a role for the brain's reinforcement learning system, says Vasily Klucharev, a social neuroscientist at Radboud University in Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Mechanisms of interaction include significant decrease in MDPV gastrointestinal absorption and significant increase in monoamine reuptake inhibition in the brain with reinforcement of both the dopaminergic and serotonergic profiles.

That, combined with the dopey, painfully naïve belief that "everything happens for a reason," lead me to the adolescent-brain-rationalized reinforcement of what I'd always been taught about abortion: Not only was it murder, it was lazy and irresponsible, and in working-class redneck America there are no two greater sins.

Animal models of addiction, habit and instrumental learning are particularly noteworthy because they bring behavioral research into closer contact than did traditional psychological behaviorism with research on the brain mechanisms underlying reinforcement, especially positive reinforcement (West 2006, pp. 91 108).

Indeed, this leading article describes that the orexigenic peptide ghrelin activates the cholinergic dopaminergic reward link, an important part of the reward systems in the brain associated with reinforcement and thereby increases the incentive salience for motivated behaviors via this system.