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We conclude that acj6 neurons in the central brain may mediate a general escape response circuit, which is triggered by a variety of alarm signals.
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A new study in rats suggests that hormone levels in the brain may mediate alcohol's potency, giving females a leg up at certain times during their hormonal cycle.
The present findings suggest that NPY neuron-specific Y2 receptors in the brain may mediate these effects of germline Y2 receptor ablation, and further studies dedicated to elucidating stress responses in NPYCre/+ Y2−/− mice in the regulation of energy balance are warranted.
These brain structures may mediate a CPP, however further research is needed to test this hypothesis because many other biochemical and neurobiological factors related to changes in body weight and appetite regulation may also mediate a CPP using a HF US.
Our previous studies have shown that stimulation of mu-opioid receptors within the nucleus accumbens preferentially enhances intake of palatable food containing sucrose and fat; thus, opioids in this brain area may mediate the rewarding characteristics of food by modulating taste and macronutrient preference.
The correlation of these volumetric reductions with poor neurocognition indicates that these brain regions may mediate higher neurocognitive functions implicated in schizophrenia.
Another region of the brain that may mediate the effects of BDNF signaling on food intake is the brainstem.
Instead we propose that traumatic dural bleeding and inflammation sensitise the trigeminal system, as demonstrated in animal models, and may mediate brain swelling in TBI.
In contrast, Yucel et al. (2008b) found that medication-exposed patients with unipolar major depression, and those with multiple episodes, had smaller subgenual prefrontal cortical volumes than patients with no exposure to medication and healthy controls, suggesting that illness burden and short-term medication exposure may mediate brain alterations in anterior cingulate regions.
We also discuss potential mechanisms through which exercise may mediate improved brain health and cognitive performance.
A study of 18 abstinent alcoholics and 17 healthy control subjects acquired fMRI data during an attentional Stroop task (Schulte et al. 2012) and revealed abnormal synchrony in networks in the brains of abstinent subjects that may mediate between the top-down executive control and bottom-up appetitive drive networks.
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