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The shrinkage and disappearance of small Ba5Nb4O15 grains in a large grain matrix at 1133 K observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), included grain volume and boundary shrinkage.
A successive boundary shrinkage (SBS) formulation is developed to improve the convergence of problem solving.
Such measure is both rotation-invariant and translation-invariant, facilitates the computation of different scale features for original surfaces, and avoids boundary shrinkage when processing open surfaces.
A separate problem is boundary shrinkage, defined as bias in defining the boundary of a cluster leading to the overestimation of the disease rate (Olsen et al., 1996).
These boundaries may be ill-defined, and so-called boundary shrinkage may occur, accentuating the apparent risk by focusing the investigation tightly on the cases making up the cluster.
Problems include "boundary shrinkage," whereby estimates of risk are exaggerated by choice of areas/time periods/demographic strata for study, variable ascertainment or duplication of cases, denominator errors, and publication bias.
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While this model is remarkably simple, it is not straightforward to generalize it to model grain boundary-mediated deformation, such as shear-induced grain boundary motion, grain shrinkage and rotation, grain boundary sliding, etc.
The general agreement is that MRI is very accurate for mass type lesions that show clear tumor boundary and present concentric shrinkage after therapy.
The contribution of grain boundary diffusion to the final shrinkage increased with increasing ratio of grain boundary diffusion coefficient to surface diffusion coefficient and the ratio of grain boundary energy to surface energy.
The shrinkage limit enables an assessment of shrinkage risk.
Increasing the grain-boundary migration mobility increases the shrinkage anisotropy.
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