Examination of the elastic energy as a function of domain boundary orientation shows that boundaries oriented parallel to the (110) plane of the substrate are preferred.
In addition, by applying ICA to time-dependent XDM data, we detected time-dependent modulated behavior in the piezoelectric response in the pristine state that is likely caused by the preferential local concentration of vacancies near domain boundaries oriented parallel to the miscut crystallographic orientation.
High density growth twins with an average spacing of a few nanometers are observed in the (1 1 1) oriented films, with twin boundaries oriented normal to the growth direction.
Internal fabric within clasts is abruptly truncated without any drag features along rounded grain boundaries, including those grain boundaries oriented at high angles to the foliation or cleavage direction in the rock (Fig. 11d h).
In addition to characteristic straight domain boundaries oriented along the [0 1 0] and [0 1 1] directions of the Au substrate, unusual chain-like adsorbate structures were found.
These modulations could be indicative of the presence of different strain gradients or local defects in BFO near film domain boundaries oriented along the miscut direction which would surely affect the piezoelectric response of the system.
Observation of failure initiation through synchrotron radiation computed tomography for the 60 °C water-quenched material revealed failure ahead of the crack tip of grain boundaries oriented at 45° to the main loading axis, and crack "tongues" extending into the material ahead of the main crack.
The Anglicans in Sydney, Australia are boundary-oriented and communally closed, while most other Anglicans in Australia are liturgically-oriented and open (the Anglicans in Darwin, Australia are so open that their cathedral doesn't even have walls).
