For the outcome of stroke, however, the cumulative z curve crossed the traditional boundary but not the trial sequential monitoring boundary, suggesting lack of evidence for a 7.5% relative risk reduction in stroke with angiotensin receptor blockers compared with controls (see fig B4 in appendix 3 on bmj.com).
The judge emphasized, however, that the boundaries of the evidence would be tightly constrained, under the provisions of Colorado's rape victim protection law.
Climate change skeptics often disparage these periodic reports from the United Nations, claiming that the panel writing them routinely stretches the boundaries of scientific evidence to make the problem look as dire as possible.
But to listen to the "Wise Women (and men) of Obstetrics," we were being rash, or as the latest article on this topic put it, practicing "beyond the boundaries of available evidence".
Therefore, in the absence of boundary evidence, this strategy favors flat boundaries, which is consistent with our initial flattening step.
When the cumulative z curve crosses the trial sequential monitoring boundary, a sufficient level of evidence for the anticipated intervention effect may have been reached and no further trials are needed.
Doctors rely on their own clinical knowledge and experience to guide their antimicrobial prescribing practice and frequently consider their patients to be "outside" the boundaries of local evidence-based treatment policies for infection.
Because we performed meta-analysis information size calculations to achieve both moderate (alpha = 5% and beta = 20%) and strong (alpha = 1% and beta = 10%) evidence and constructed the statistical monitoring boundaries separately for each degree of evidence, we made similar distinctions about the degree of conclusiveness that can be achieved from adding a new RCT.
The very notion of evidence and the boundaries of what counts as evidence is a social construct, as evidence is always the product of a socially produced question.
Even with a very modest amount of data by NG sequencing standards, many of these sequences extended the annotated untranslated regions (UTRs) and redefined intron/exon boundaries, including evidence of alternative splicing.
