Selected sets of master nodes on design boundaries are employed as design variables and assigned to move towards their normal directions.
Three aspect ratios (L/D=10, 20, and 30; L: a cylinder length; D: a cylinder diameter) and two numerical conditions (slip and periodic) on spanwise boundaries were employed.
Two boundaries were employed to divide the burial depth interval of shale brittle/ductile properties.
In our work flow, two boundaries were employed to mark the brittle/ductile properties of shale and they were determined by different methods (Fig. 1).
Trial sequential monitoring boundaries were employed to control the risks for type I and II errors, and to indicate whether additional trials are needed.
Region boundaries for this analysis were defined as 500 kb either side of any known PrCa associated GWAS SNPs; where such regions overlapped, they were merged to form a single larger region (extended boundaries were employed at regions Chr3p12, Chr4q22, Chr8p21, Chr11q13 and Chr17q12).
To overcome this difficulty, an active controlled enclosure, which forms a cavity with both flexible and open boundary, is employed.
In the numerical models, Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) description of the liquid structure interface which is described by the mesh nodes at the boundary is employed.
To calculate the flow field using the dynamic mesh, the integral form of the conservation equation for a general scalar φ on an arbitrary control volume V with moving boundary is employed: (8).
In the formulation described in the previous section, the x1x2x3-system (which is fixed to the geometry of the magnetization boundary) is employed; however, the magnetization boundary does not always coincide with the geographical directions (e.g., north-south and east-west).
