Other organic components of bone may be bound to fibrils and exert additional effects.
With the exception of the topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin, all drugs whose toxicity was suppressed by RHOXF2 overexpression directly bind to DNA to exert their effects.
The "pulling" model proposes that endocytosis of ligand bound to the Notch receptor exerts a mechanical force that activates the receptor either by exposing a proteolytic cleavage site on the receptor extracellular domain, or by dissociating the subunits of the receptor heterodimer.
Once bound to these complexes it exerts tolloid-independent anti-chordin activity, weakening chordin-BMP affinity promoting release of BMPs [ 28].
This loading pattern may not be helpful for understanding cell-traction induced fibrillogenesis as it is more relevant to understand how forces exerted through integrins bound to the RGD-loop of 10FNIII influence 10FNIII unfolding.
To measure the forces exerted by motors bound to individual IFT trains, we tracked the movement of FMG1-B-antibody coated bead motility using an optical trap.
Apoptosis promoted by non-phosphorylated Bad and, conversely, survival signaling exerted by phosphorylated Bad bound to 14-3-3 14-3-3 14-3-3ved [ 7, 13].
Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (Gas6), identified in 1995, acts as the ligand to the Axl/Tyro3 family of tyrosine kinase receptors and exerts mitogenic activity when bound to these receptors.
Additionally, we provided a notion to create an exposed -SH configuration using strongly bound K+ ions to exert a "gluing" effect on the Glu- and Gly-side-chains.
Rho is a small GTPase that upon conversion from its inactive form (GDP Rho) to active form (GTP Rho) binds to specific effectors to exert its biological functions.
