Sentence examples for bottom-up controls from inspiring English sources
The ecological patterns that we observe in subarctic eastern Beringia are consistent with a mixture of both top-down and bottom-up controls over biotic turnover.
Altogether, the results of this analysis show that physiography exerts widespread, bottom-up controls on biomass production across the region of study, and can be used in spatially explicit frameworks to understand ecosystem functioning and inform scientific forest management.
This corroborates previous studies demonstrating that grazing can offset the effects of nutrient enrichment on algae [22], [43], [69] and that community composition can markedly affect whether bottom-up controls ascend or top-down controls cascade through a food web.
The relative importance of resource availability (i.e. bottom-up controls) and trophic structure (i.e. top-down controls) in determining community and ecosystem properties has long been a subject of keen interest in freshwater [9], [16], [17], terrestrial [18] [21], and marine [22], [23] ecosystems.
Strong bottom-up controls with highly integrated medical power and patient involvement serve as a blueprint for all new modes of control and regulatory bodies.
In such circumstances, the organism can have direct impacts on both bottom-up controls such as nutrient/light availability and top-down controls via grazing.
The stability of the proposed bottom-up control architecture is proved according to Lyapunov synthesis.
Our results show a bottom-up control of mesozooplankton communities, as observed at a coastal location of the Ligurian Sea.
Similarly, the highly produced nature of film contains several features that exert strong bottom-up control and increase attentional synchrony (Dorr et al., 2010; Smith, 2013).
Positive relationship with urea (bottom-up control) from aquaculture appears to contribute to maintaining high densities of APP in spring–early autumn.
Biomass-normalized Pprim values were, on average, slightly higher during the warm-phase ENSO period, inconsistent with a "bottom-up" control mechanism (such as nutrient supply).
