Recent benchmarking studies confirmed that transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) prediction based on statistical motif discovery approaches is unreliable and thus remains a major bottleneck in the study of transcriptional regulatory regions [1], [2].
The motivation of the current work is to reduce this bottleneck in the studies of static, thermodynamic models of regulation.
The low number of detected bottlenecks in the present study could be an artefact of our analysis as many of the young populations of the invasive garden ant, however, have few polymorphic loci, which in itself is an independent indication of genetic bottlenecks, but it compromises the detection power of these programs [ 55].
The existence of severe demographic bottlenecks in the history of EEJ has also been suggested by genetic studies of disease-causing-mutations and mtDNA [ 42- 46].
Before crystallization, expression of sufficiently high amounts of proteins is the first severe bottleneck in structural studies of membrane proteins.
The group recently released a study estimating that the 17 worst highway bottlenecks in the nation, four of which are in Los Angeles, cost $5.5 billion a year in lost time, fuel, accidents, added costs to employers and damage to the environment.
Contamination-proof, standardised and quality-assured sectioning of FFPE blocks is an important bottleneck in many studies of viral detection in FFPE specimens and we were fortunate to locate a certified sectioning company that could provide this.
The costs and logistics involved in obtaining samples is a bottleneck in large-scale studies of the circulation of human papillomavirus (HPV), which are useful for monitoring and optimisation of HPV-vaccination programs.
In a study of bottlenecks in the recruitment process in Tanzania, Martineau [ 19] identified complex, long and bureaucratic personnel deployment processes as one reason for delays and sometimes failure to recruit health workers in hard-to-staff parts of the country.
