The surface rumpling and surface energy of Ti3SiC2 and Ti3AlC2 are calculated.
At higher temperatures, mostly transgranular cracks develop in decarburized α-iron in the valleys of the surface rumpling, while in α-iron with small carbon contents persistent slip bands form which then act as sites of transgranular crack initiation.
Analysis of the experimental data suggests that the underlying mechanism of surface rumpling of the aluminide bond coats still remains to be established.
The higher the cleavage energy, the larger the surface energy and surface rumpling.
Cyclic oxidation testing of a representative γ + γ′ coating at 1150 °C in air revealed the absence of surface rumpling and excellent compatibility with the superalloy substrate as major advantages compared to traditional Pt-modified β-NiAl coatings.
Both the molecular surface (Connolly's surface) and the solvent accessible surface (Richards' surface) are calculated.
And the fast decline in compressive stress is the result of bond coat surface rumpling facilitated by the initially rougher surface.
In contrast to pure STO, the near-surface SrO OSr stacking fault can be employed to control surface roughness by adjusting SrO and TiO2 surface rumpling, to stabilize SrO termination in an SrO-rich surrounding or to increase the band gap in the case of TiO2 termination.
It is found that the surface relaxation results in rumpling of the (001) and (110) surfaces and the contraction of the (111) surfaces.
Both models ship with the Surface Pen.
