In order to investigate whether personality was related to the way reward-induced motivation influences orienting and reorienting, two reward difference scores (i.e., the reward orienting score and the reward reorienting score) were calculated for both RT and accuracy measures.
The reward orienting score was calculated by subtracting the cue facilitation effects (short-delay valid trials − short-delay invalid trials) from the high- and low-reward conditions.
The higher the value of an edge orienting score for the orientation A → B, the stronger genetic evidence favors this causal model.
Indeed, MacLeod et al. (2010) [ 32] highlighted different psychometric properties of the ANT that could complicate the results found: the relative dependence of the three different networks measurements, the low reliability of the alerting and orienting score compared to the executive control scores, and the high intra-individual variability observed in control studies.
We recommend using the LEO.NB.OCA score (Eq. 6) as the primary edge orienting score if markers affect both A and B. However, if the results of the LEO.NB.CPA score strongly disagree with those of the LEO.NB.OCA score, the latter should not be trusted.
We refer to the resulting edge orienting score as the LEO.NB.CPA score since it is based on the set of candidate pleiotropic anchors M A (Eq. 3): (5) L E O. N B. C P A (A → B | M A ) = log 10 (P (model 1 : M A → A → B ) max (P (model 2 : M A → B → A ), P (model 3 : A ← M A → B ), P (model 4 : M A → A ← B ), P (model 5 : M A → B ← A) ) ).
The IBQ-R orienting score measures an orienting attentional network, and the ECBQ effortful score assesses an executive attention network.
The relative fit of causal model 1 (SNP→Methylation→Expression) was assessed using the single anchor local edge orienting score (LEO.SingleMarker), which is the logarithm (base 10) of the ratio of the model fitting p-value divided by that of the next best fitting alternative model [ 19].
Crucially, the absence of such a significant correlation with the reward orienting scores, suggests that reward-related personality traits influence reorienting, and not orienting, behavior.
The absence of such a significant correlation with the reward orienting scores suggests that reward-related personality traits can be linked to reorienting, but not orienting, behavior.> -wrap-foot> *SignificorrelationatInn In the present study, we investigated the effect of reward-induced motivation on exogenous attention orienting and IOR.
