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Both the friction factor and overall thermal resistance of heat sinks with GPM configurations are considerably lowered.
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Also, the results show that the nanofluid flow inside the sinusoidal-corrugated channels offers higher values of Nusselt number compared to the base fluid, while the friction factor of both the nanofluid and the base fluid gets almost the same values.
It is seen that the friction factor decreases at both the walls with an increase in the slip parameters (beta _1) and (beta _2).
The friction factor is a function of both Reynolds number and power-law index.
The friction factor is a crucial parameter in calculating frictional pressure losses.
For the friction factor, the discrepancy is 3.01%.
An exponential equation for the friction factor prediction is given.
The friction factor for the fibers was found to be about a factor of 2 higher than the corresponding friction factor for pipe flow under similar flow conditions.
A power law is introduced to represent the friction factor to account for the skin friction.
For f-friction factor, a detectable rise of the friction factor is found when the fin pitches increase to 6.2 mm.
However, quantifying the friction factor or any of its alternative metrics, e.g. the drag coefficient, in canopies with complex geometry has proven elusive.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com