Sentence examples for both surface effects and from inspiring English sources

For isolated metal particles' behavior at exiguous dimensions (1D and 2D), quantum size effects are decisive, whereas for ultrathin metal layers both surface effects and quantum size effects must be considered [3, 4].

Researchers needed to understand how surface effects and impurities in silicon affected the lifetime.

Both the free surface effect and the mismatch strain effect are taken into account in the simulation, and the vanishing of this driving force leads to the critical thickness condition.

A forger usually works for the surface effect and is not concerned with the internal structures.

These observations can be explained by surface effect and finite size effect.

The "little size effect," "surface effect" and "quantum effect" of nano-ZnO governs the properties of the composites [21].

These variations of magnetic properties of different shaped Fe3O4 nanoparticles can be explained with surface effect and finite size effect.

The model is capable of describing attachment and detachment phenomena, taking account of both bulk and surface effects.

As these chalcogenides are synthesized to single- or a few-layer thick films or nanosheets, surface effects (both desired and undesired) will be enhanced.

During the earthquake, both sites experienced surface effects including ground cracking and extension as a result of liquefaction.

Nanoscale materials will generate physical and chemical properties, such as particular surface effects, small size effects, and quantum effects, which may produce uncertain biohazard effects [ 70].