Tandem DNA lesions are formed at substantial frequency by ionizing radiation and metal-catalyzed H2O2 reactions (reviewed in ref (6)).
Despite continued insulin therapy advances, people with diabetes still experience a substantial frequency of hypoglycaemia and it remains a limiting factor in diabetes management [ 15].
Most of the rest of the tree is also characterized by a substantial frequency of gene duplications and losses, and overall the family has few orthologs.
In a series of investigations in the late 1990s, Box and co-workers showed that double-base DNA lesions are formed at a substantial frequency by ionizing radiation and by metal-catalyzed H2O2 reactions (4– 7).
General observations suggest it is likely that other plant-feeding insect species engage in self-medication because of the ubiquity of dietary chemical defenses [32], and the substantial frequency of parasitism [33], [34] among herbivorous insects.
There is a substantial frequency of HD in the white and mixed-race populations of South Africa.
X chromosome combinations 1S and S1 show substantial frequency changes with time, with S1 doing so in a site-specific manner (Fig. 3).
To identify loci with a high level of disparity, we selected SNPs 1) with a substantial degree of disparity and 2) with substantial frequency (at least 50% of the samples heterozygous for the respective locus).
Within 7 weeks following implantation of 1.9 TCR transduced HSCs, a substantial frequency of thymocytes expressed the transgenic TCR and the majority of these cells were mature CD4-CD8+ thymocytes (Figure 2C) indicating that these cells were undergoing appropriate lineage commitment.
Reverse -transcription PCR assays have been used to demonstrate that HHV-6 reactivation in previously infected children is most often asymptomatic, and can occur with a substantial frequency.
Although some of the SNPs on the lineages we have defined by single SNPs are undoubtedly rare (eg, the Z2125 sub-hg M434, Figure 1, Supplementary Table 4), it remains possible that future genotyping effort using the SNPs in Supplementary Data File 1 may expose other substructure at substantial frequency, commensurate with more recent episodes of population growth and movement.
