Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigSuggestions(5)
Exact(7)
Three patients had lung emphysema and one patient had both restrictive and obstructive syndrome.
In that way, the use of force expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1) and its ratio with force vital capacity (FVC) would be relevant in future research to assess both restrictive and obstructive lung disorders [47].
It is effective in both restrictive and obstructive lung conditions, even when there is high inspiratory effort.
We observed a strong association between both restrictive and obstructive lung patterns and inflammatory markers CRP and IL-6.
Both restrictive and obstructive airway diseases have been associated with increased mortality in previous studies [ 19, 42], and both moderate to very severe COPD and restrictive lung diseases involve reduced FEV1% predicted.
Since the vital capacity may be diminished by both restrictive and obstructive ventilatory defects [ 14], a reduced VC does not prove the presence of a restrictive defects, and the presence of which has to be confirmed by low TLC.
Similar(53)
In combined lung disease (restrictive and obstructive) both the FVC and FEV1/FVC ratio were decreased.
Because FVC may be equally reduced in both obstruction and restriction, we evaluated the individual flow-volume-curves (which appear differently for restrictive and obstructive defects [ 39]) before categorization, and we let the FVC% score overrule the ratio.
This signal was tested under normal, restrictive and obstructive conditions.
It is clinically defined as a restrictive and obstructive impairment in the absence of infection.
Other pulmonary diseases with mixed restrictive and obstructive pattern.
More suggestions(15)
both restrictive and static
both hepatocellular and obstructive
both restrictive and binge-purge
both calcified and obstructive
both irritative and obstructive
both restrictive and human
both restrictive and maternal
both restrictive and multiple
both acute and obstructive
both restrictive and malabsorptive
both environmental and obstructive
both restrictive and prescriptive
both static and obstructive
both central and obstructive
both annoying and obstructive
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com