Sentence examples for both population structure and from inspiring English sources

The QK model, a mixed linear model (MLM) adjusting for both population structure and genetic relatedness between genotypes, implemented by TASSEL was used for association analysis.

Genetic association studies in inbred mice are similarly confounded by the problem of spurious associations due to both population structure and genetic relatedness [41], [42].

This statistical model had higher statistical power than the approach that considered population structure only and the approach that considered both population structure and individual relationship without grouping [41].

It is based on multiple regression considering an SNP effect and a family effect in addition to cofactors, which control both population structure and genetic background [ 39].

Additionally, the Q + K model, controlling both population structure and relative kinship, was a little better than the K model in reducing the type I errors.

Inclusion of both population structure and relative kinship reduces the number of false positive associations compared to including population structure alone [ 40].

A total of 79, 52, 68, 65, 64 and 42 significant marker-trait associations were identified for the eight traits using the QK (a mixed linear model adjusting for both population structure (Q) and genetic relatedness between genotypes (K)) model under DSN0, DSN90, DSN180, WSN0, WSN45 and WSN90 respectively (Table 2).

In addition, results from both population structure analyses and AMOVA demonstrated that most of variation was due to differences within populations.

The four methods tested were: Naïve model [a General Linear Model (GLM) without any correction for population structure]; Q model (a GLM model with fixed population structure as covariate); K model [a Mixed Linear Model (MLM) with kinship K as correction factor]; and Q + K model [a MLM model capable to correct for both population structure (Q) and kinship (K) effects [ 90]].

Association mapping between three yield-related traits and the nucleotide diversity of the ZmIPT2 coding region was performed using TASSEL 3.0 [ 57] with a mixed linear model (MLM) controlling both population structure (Q) and relative kinship (K).

Investigating three QTL in 277 diverse maize inbred lines, Yu et al. [ 53] concluded that the model accounting for both population structure (Q) and relative kinship (K) gave the best approximation to the cumulative distribution of p-values when compared to models containing only K, only Q and a simple model (in which family structure is ignored).