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In addition, there is no analytical solution available for both intraparticle diffusion and liquid film mass transfer controlling systems.
Therefore, this paper is trying to characterize AUC for both intraparticle diffusion and liquid film mass transfer controlling adsorption systems using the shallow bed reactor technique.
For the majority of the data both intraparticle diffusion and the ion exchange reaction are contributing to the overall rate of loading.
The kinetic curves could be characterized by pseudo-second-order rate equation and the adsorption rate of glabridin on XT8-8 was controlled by both intraparticle diffusion and external diffusion.
However, for both intraparticle diffusion and liquid film mass transfer controlling systems, the characterization of AUC is much more complicated, for example, when relatively small adsorbent particles are employed.
That indicates that both intraparticle diffusion and film diffusion control the adsorption of 2,4 dinitrophenol and 4 nitrophenol onto char ash (El-Sheikh et al. 2013).
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Intraparticle diffusion and Boyd kinetic models confirmed film diffusion as the rate-controlling step.
This is due to a very slow intraparticle diffusion and hence higher Biot numbers.
The adsorption kinetic data were closely fitted to Elovich, intraparticle diffusion and pseudo-second-order models.
The mechanism of removal was explained by boundary layer diffusion via intraparticle diffusion and was further confirmed by Boyd plot.
The rate controlling step was intraparticle diffusion for 2 nitrophenol, and a combination of intraparticle diffusion and film diffusion for the other two phenols.
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