In terms of two cases that time delay is integer and non-integer times of sampling period, motion equation with time delay is transformed as standard discrete forms which contain no time delay by using zero order holder respectively.
In L*, the dk parameters obtain the integer and non-integer power values between 1 and maximum 2(1 + 2/(3n))n = 2 (n + 2/3) = 9.333 for n = 4 for example, roughly and generally 2n + 1.
The special feature of the proposed observer is the order of the differential equations of the model on which it is based, dα(t)ν(t)/dtα(t), which can take integer and non-integer values, i.e. α(t)∈ 0,1]. Even more important, α(t) can be a smooth function such that α(t)∈ 0,1] in the interval t∈[0,T].
Calculations by Sanvito et al. [12] have shown that inter-wall interactions between adjacent nanotubes not only block some of the quantum conductance channels but also redistribute the current non-uniformly over an individual tube and modify the density of states near the Fermi level, giving rise to integer and non-integer quantized conductance values.
The methodology in this research can be extended to solve multi-components integer- and non-integer-order systems.
Of these, the paper addresses the properties in respiratory lung tissue, whose natural solutions arise from the midst of FC in the form of non-integer differ-integral solutions and non-integer parametric models.
When we encounter an exponential operator of higher order e λ α s α, where α is integer or non-integer and s = q ( x ) d d x + v ( x ), it is of interest to have an integral representation to reduce the order and apply the relation (1.1).
The usage of restriction fingerprints computationally derived from sequence database entries is hampered by the lack of predictability of gel positions from sequences and the integer versus non-integer issue.
In other words, we use the infinite series representation of incomplete gamma not only for the interfering links calculations but also for the desired link to obtain an expression in which the Nakagami-m parameters of all the communication links (m d,F, m I,F and m I,M ) can take any values (integer or non-integer) bigger than 0.5.
