In both groups, at resting conditions, blood samples were drawn for assessing metabolic indices and skeletal muscle samples (m. vastus lateralis) were taken for the measurements of cellular defence markers: thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1) and stress proteins HSP72, HSP90.
Neither hemodynamic, IVUS and echocardiographic data were different between both PAH groups at rest.
RV systolic function indexes were similar between both PAH patients groups at rest.
Accordingly, neither hemodynamic nor IVUS data showed differences between both PAH patients groups at rest (Table 3).
In the INITIATIVE trial, comparing ivabradine with atenolol (Tardif et al. 2005), HR and RPP at trough drug activity were reduced in all groups both at rest and during exercise after 4 and 16 weeks.
In multivariate analyses, adjusting for additional extra analgesia, the pain experienced postoperatively was significantly greater in the low pain threshold group both at rest (mean difference 4.9, 95% CI 1.5 to 8.4, P=0.007) and on movement (mean difference 4.1, 95%CI 0.03 to 8.2, P=0.049).
Both HR and RPP were significantly decreased (P<0.001 versus baseline) in the ivabradine groups at rest and at peak exercise in the trial comparing ivabradine with amlodipine (Ruzyllo et al. 2007).
In all the groups, at rest, pain level elevated after separator placement and reached its peak at 24 h and then subsided until 48 h.
Interestingly, while South Asians oxidised ∼40% less fat than Europeans during submaximal exercise, fat oxidation rates did not differ between the groups at rest, and fat oxidation during exercise, but not at rest, correlated with body insulin sensitivity.
No significant difference between the groups at rest of the data points.
