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Similarly, subjects with both gallstones and diabetes had a higher risk of gallbladder cancer (OR=30.7, 95% CI 16.7 56.5).
Biliary cancer risks were higher among subjects with both gallstones and self-reported cholecystitis, particularly for gallbladder cancer (OR=34.3, 95% CI 19.9 59.2).
Subjects with both gallstones and (self-reported) chronic cholecystitis had a markedly increased risk of biliary cancer, especially of the gallbladder (OR=34.3; 95% CI 19.9 59.2), although the interaction between gallstones and the cholecystitis was not statistically significant.
Obesity is closely linked to both gallstones and gall bladder cancer (Jorgensen, 1989; Kato et al, 1992; Stampfer et al, 1992; Hsing et al, 2006), although its relationship with other biliary cancers is less clear.
Consider diabetes a very high risk for developing both gallstones and gallbladder disease, without stones.
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Both gallstone disease and p.D19H of ABCG8 are associated with diminished cholesterol absorption.
The correlation between serum cholesterol and age was observed in both gallstone and gallstone-free subjects (respectively, r=0.28 and r=0.46, P<0.01 for both; data not shown).
It was concluded that despite the many epidemiologic observations indicating that in Western Countries dietary habits are particularly important determinants of the high incidence of both gallstone disease and breast cancer, our results contradict the idea that the diseases share common aetiologic factors.
In summary, both the presence of gallstones and the ABCG8 polymorphism D19H were related to diminished cholesterol absorption but the polymorphism did not affect ileal expression of ABCG8, suggesting a gain-of-function of the mutated transporter.
Age is another risk factor for both osteoporosis and gallstones.
Female sex is a risk factor for both osteoporosis and gallstones.
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