This question was examined (a) with the retention of both ex- and current smokers with NSIP and (b) with the exclusion of ex-smokers with NSIP (in order to exclude bias due to a "healthy-smoker effect").
The ratings are complied through independent reviews from ex and current employees.
We defined smoking habits as follows: Never smoker and ever (i.e., ex and current) smoker (including pipe/cigar smokers).
This group comprises occupations such as business, law, communications, sales, etc. Smokers were categorised as never, ex and current smokers.
However, we found no evidence for a blunted response in both ex- and current-smokers on the long-term.
The risks of lung cancer among surface workers show typical E-R patterns with ORs rising steeply with increased cigarettes/day among both ex-smokers and current smokers.
Tobacco smoking was self-reported and categorized into never, ex-, and current smoking (19).
The control subjects were 23 non-, 4 Ex-, and 9 current smokers, whereas the number of non-, Ex-, and current smokers were zero, 57, and 23 in patients with COPD (p<0.001).
The fruits of Rupert and Conrad patronage holding the stage, as more ex- and current journalists shift the scenery.
Similar results for ex- and current smokers were found for wheeze in the last 12 months.
Ex- and current drinkers provided information on the average frequency, the types of drinks consumed and average daily consumption.
