At both encoding and testing, odors and faces were presented in 2 separate blocks and the order of modality was counterbalanced across participants.
A short practice session with both encoding and recognition test phases was provided for each participant, rendering the experiment itself an intentional encoding paradigm, because participants knew during encoding that they would later be tested.
Consistent with our hypothesis, we found differences in memory system recruitment between Met carriers and the homozygous Val group across both the encoding and test phases of the fMRI CSDLT.
Previous research suggests that object recognition is viewpoint-dependent within both the visual [1] and haptic [2] modalities, since recognition accuracy is degraded if objects are rotated between encoding and test presentations.
Objects were either unrotated between encoding and test presentations, or rotated by 180° about the x-, y-, and z-axes (Figure 1).
Encoding and test list assignment was randomly determined.
For example, in an imitation task, retrieval is easily disrupted by a change in the cues between encoding and test (Hayne, 2004; Rovee-Collier, 1997).
Previous studies reporting relatively preserved implicit functions in AD used eye movements recording [ 32] or tasks which did not have long intervals between encoding and test [ 31].
We predicted that the recollection deficit would be captured by the remember judgements as previously found for verbal material due to the similarly short gap between encoding and test.
Therefore, in the two experiments reported here, we designed an intervention to scaffold event segmentation during encoding and tested it in younger and older adults.
