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This estimate is conservative because it incorporates both digitizing error and deviations from steady velocity.
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The Procrustes ANOVA allocates shape variation to various components that reflect the study design and data collection, such as directional and fluctuating asymmetry or imaging and digitizing error, even if several of these components are located in the same subspace.
In all cases, the traces based on the digitizing error were less smoothed and resulted in significantly higher peak performance values than those of the original analysis, supporting that these feeding sequences had been smoothed below any inherent digitizing error band.
Three specimen data are presented in Figure 3 [23] resulting in extensive overlap of the various curves, and therefore in some digitizing error which is difficult to estimate when using only this figure to capture the data.
To verify that kinematic profiles of feeding events were smoothed below any inherent digitizing error, a post hoc test was performed on a subset of feedings.
The standard deviation of the calculated intermarker distance between these points, as a measure of digitizing error, was then used as the smoothing input value for each associated feeding sequence.
After superimposition, we searched for outliers in the dataset (i.e., individuals with landmarks that strongly deviate from the mean shape); outlier individuals were redigitized to assure they were not the product of digitizing error.
The digitization order of the photos was A, B, and C. We tested the null hypothesis that the digitizing errors of the operators were equally distributed in the three treatments.
Allowance for systematic errors both increases the errors and shifts the point of best fit.
The problem with both ideals is that human error and human irresponsibility will always exist.
Doctors fear both look-alike errors and sound-alike errors: zantac/xanax; verelan/virilon.
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