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By comparing the genomes of Pl and Pa we can therefore ask which "tools" Photorhabdus is likely to use against specific invertebrate or vertebrate hosts, and also which tools are likely to be useful against both classes of host?
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If a > 0, the model (1) describes a more realistic situation when both classes of hosts grow according to the logistics model.
Notably, in the narrow coexistence region ({ID} + {IAD}), both classes of hosts, those with and without adaptive immunity, evolve high suicide propensities.
Both classes of hosts have the same level of innate immunity and only differ by the presence or absence of adaptive immunity the efficacy of which is kept constant during the simulations.
Cationic amphipathic α-helical peptides are intensively studied classes of host defence peptides (HDPs).
This method can also be applied to classes of host CDS regions, such as those that respond to an immune stimulus in a gene expression experiment.
We consider the following classes of host modifiers: (a) enhancement or reduction of Wolbachia modification of sperm, (b) enhancement or reduction of Wolbachia transmission to eggs, and (c) "mimicry" of egg rescue or sperm modification.
We measured the sensitivity of the wild type, Δhfq, and hfq-complementing strains against a panel of AMPs representing the predominant classes of host defense peptides described above (Table 1).
These questions address patterns of infection: e.g., is infection acquired during particular seasons and by particular age classes of host?
We follow three classes of host: S, I, and R. Uninfected hosts of type S have been infected previously by a subset of the antigenically variable pathogens.
Although clinical use might be limited by human anti-mouse and anti-rat (HAMA and HARA) responses, these heterologous Fc regions proved more active than either homologous Fc and showed the advantage of recruitment of multiple classes of host effectors.
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