Treated with GNP-NKCT1 showed smeary band of DNA in both cell lines indicating the process of apoptosis.
In the case of strain CG 63, fractionation of the crude extract, which had activity against both cell lines, indicated that only the medium polarity fraction (F4.1) had cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 (IC50 value of 44.4 μg mL−1) (Table 2, Fig. 3d).
Furthermore, NAC pretreatment potently prevented DHA-induced ROS generation and loss of ΔΨm as well as apoptosis, and silencing Bax by shRNA or inhibition of one of caspase-3, -8 and -9 also significantly prevented DHA-induced apoptosis in both cell lines, indicating the key roles of ROS and Bax as well as the caspases.
The JIP1 signal colocalized, in both cell lines, indicating close proximity with both ER (Fig. 5A) and mitochondrial markers (Fig. 5B).
Phosphorylation of H2AX was similarly observed in both cell lines, indicating that ATM or ATR is likely mediating this effect even in the jnk2−/− cells.
Sempere et al. [26] describe the expression of 66 miRNAs in human NTera2 and mouse P19 cells following retinoic acid (RA) treatment and establish that 19 of them are coordinately up-regulated in both cell lines indicating that their functions might be conserved between the species.
Interestingly, GSEA shows that several gene sets related to MYC, MYB and E2F oncogene signaling are enriched by 5-Aza-CdR treatment on day 2 in both cell lines, indicating an immediate activation of growth promoting pathways by this drug (supplementary Table S2).
FOPflash activity remained unchanged in both cell lines, indicating that sulindac sulphide treatment inhibited the Wnt-signalling pathway.
YY1 occupancy was detected at this region in both cell lines, indicating that YY1 DNA binding activity is not entirely absent in HS578T cells.
Hsp90α was detected outside of the cell after BFA treatment in both cell lines indicating that it is not exported through the canonical signal sequence pathway.
