These data suggest that the cell cycle regulator CDKN2D is involved in both cell cycle regulation and granulocytic differentiation.
To further investigate the mechanisms by which TGFβ regulates cell growth, we analyzed its effects on both cell cycle regulation and apoptosis.
These findings suggest that DYRK1A is a major player in both cell cycle regulation and synaptic plasticity.
The protein p73 is involved in both cell cycle regulation and induction of apoptosis [ 34].
According to Pietras et al (1999) the mechanism of radiosensitization appears to involve both cell cycle regulation and DNA repair.
Caspase-2 is an enigmatic caspase with active roles in both cell cycle regulation and programmed cell death [ 19, 20].
Therefore, both cell-cycle regulation and apoptosis may have a role in PXR-regulated suppression of colon cancer growth, however, overall our study results shows that the regulation of cell-cycle appears to be a primary mechanism by which PXR inhibits tumour growth.
Existing studies have focused on the impact of p53 status on the radiation response of lung cancer (LC) cell lines in terms of both cell-cycle regulation and apoptosis, while no comparative studies have been performed on the radiation response of lung derived normal and cancerous epithelial cells.
Seven of the proteins examined are involved in the regulation of cell cycle (H2Ax, H2B, BRCA2, cABL, Pttg1, Ccl3, acetyl H3), seven proteins are involved in synaptic function and stability (βSNAP, Sti1, GDI2, CRMP2P, VDAC1, VDAC2, CRMP2total) and one protein has been implicated in both cell-cycle regulation and synaptic form/function (Ube1) (29– 31).
Furthermore, we found that the same pathways were significantly altered in both species: including cell cycle regulation, mitosis, DNA repair and apoptosis.
Our results are consistent with previous studies, but we identified several novel TGF-β-regulated genes that could play important roles in both EMT and cell cycle regulation, including RhoB, mCalpain, actinin 3, IQGAP1, Ikki and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)-PR53.
