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Ten papers from the study sample were then randomly selected (stratified by date) and independently scored by both assessors.
Overall agreement between the assessors was assessed once during each phase of the survey – In phase 1 both assessors applied the relevant checklist to the same sub-set of 30 (of 271) papers and their analyses compared, and in phase 2, all 48 papers were used to assess agreement (see Figure 1).
Both assessors (MRF and EW) were physiotherapists.
A sub-sample of 180 memories was rated by both assessors, to establish reliability of coding.
Prevalence % is based on the average of findings from both assessors.
During pilot studies on 10 exams, no disagreement was observed between both assessors.
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Both Assessor 1 and the patients will be blinded to the mode of application of TENS.
Six of the 8 RCTs adopted both assessor and subject blinding [ 12, 15- 18, 20], and another RCT adopted only assessor blinding [ 21].
To account for the assessor effect, as identified in the benchmarking exercise, both assessor and case were included as adjustment variables in the models.
Post hoc analyses revealed that assessor 2 recorded lower means than both assessor 1 (P = 0.006) and assessor 3 (P = 0.038) for the rotating a screw 90°, than assessor 1 in food cutting (P = 0.014) and in moving a full jar (P = 0.001) and differed from assessor 3 in moving a tray (P = 0.054, meanassessor2 > meanassessor3).
Other strengths of our study include the rigorous study design, incorporating blinding of both assessor and participant, adequate statistical power, excellent participant retention, and recruitment of an osteoarthritis subgroup most likely to benefit from a lateral wedge insole.
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