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Enhanced expression of COX-2 in platelet cancer cell co-cultures requires both a direct interaction and the release of platelet mediators [ 18].
Asbestos fibre-induced genotoxicity has been proposed to be caused by both a direct interaction with the genetic material and also indirect effects via production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 3].
For network-based data (e.g. protein interaction), we use both a direct interaction network and a correlation-based network using the PCC on the frequency-corrected data [as done in Mostafavi et al. (2008)].
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To both validate a direct interaction between Tld and Collagen IV, and determine which domains in Tld are responsible for this interaction, we tested the ability of full-length Tld and the individual CUB domain deletion variants to bind to the NC1 domain of the Viking (Vkg) Collagen IV protein fused to GST.
The network contains two main hubs, AKT1 and GABBR1, which, although do not have a direct interaction, both interact with ATF2.
Both activities are mediated by a direct interaction between an RPA binding motif (RBM) at the N-terminus of SMARCAL1 and the C-terminal winged-helix domain of the RPA 32 kDa subunit (RPA32C).
14 Interaction studies between the PTPN22 risk haplotypes identified by Huffmeier et al. 18 and HLA-Cw6 returned negative estimates for both associated haplotypes thereby excluding a direct interaction between HLA-Cw6 and the causative allele within PTPN22 for susceptibility to psoriasis.
Although the original identification of the Gab2/GC-GAP interaction in the Y2H screen suggests a direct interaction between both proteins, it should be noted that GC-GAP also interacts in mammalian cells with the N-terminal SH3 domain of Crk [ 78].
It was suggested that this effect is mediated by a direct interaction with both, NOD2 and RIPK2.
Furthermore, the activated form of c-Src, pSrc (Y416), co-immunoprecipitated with Akt, which demonstrates a direct interaction between both kinases.
Thus, this is the first time that is shown a direct interaction of both coiled-coil domains in muNS (domains 2 and 4) with regions within muNS-Mi.
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