In the mostly unregulated world of domestic workers and their demanding bosses, benefits were not standard.
And many bosses, benefiting from the supply of cheap labour, have been less than careful about inquiring after the legal status of their workers.
Kay said some investor groups had told him that bonuses, even when deferred for three years, were ineffective, and often structured "asymmetrically" so that bosses benefited more from strong performance than they suffered from under-performance.
Yet, Donald A. Baer, who was a senior adviser to Mr. Clinton, said his boss benefited because, under Speaker Newt Gingrich, the Republicans were easy to portray as extreme.
The former bosses can benefit from placing their one-time confidants in positions they wish to influence.One of the detained mishu, Guo Yongxiang, served with Mr Zhou in the state-owned oil industry and remained with him when Mr Zhou became minister of land and resources and later party chief in the south-western province of Sichuan.
We went looking for companies whose earnings were of low quality and whose bosses might benefit from an enhancement to earnings.
"There you are in front of your plane," he says again, loudly, for his boss's benefit.
Whatever his precise involvement, his girlfriend and her lawyer clearly found themselves in a strong bargaining position when haggling over terms with the bank's personnel chief, Xavier Coll, who was said by the Financial Times to have received direct written instructions from Mr Wolfowitz.The bank's staff appear in no mood to give their boss the benefit of the doubt.
That is a sharp increase on the previous year (see chart 4), and is spreading rapidly from America to other parts of the world, especially to Japan, where companies have been impressed by the difference Carlos Ghosn has made to the car business of Nissan.Boards and investors seem to be getting ever more trigger-happy, and increasingly unwilling to give a boss the benefit of the doubt.
By taking the initiative you are creating a situation in which both you and your boss will benefit greatly.
