Good progress has been made, however, on areas bordering the continents and islands.
"The events of 1997-99 cast disquieting doubt on the I.M.F.'s capacity to maintain financial stability at a time when titanic sums of money are traversing borders, continents and oceans," Mr. Blustein writes.
Deadly viruses cross borders, continents, and species.
World trade treaties will continue to allow shipping of material and product across all borders, continents and oceans.
Mountainous elevations tend to increase through much of the life of the orogenic system, since rock lost through erosion is generally removed locally and linearly by rivers and glaciers (the Andes exemplify the type bordering a continent, and they appear to be higher now than at any time since they began to form 150 million years ago).
The continents bordering the Atlantic Ocean, for example, are believed to be moving away from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at a rate of 1 2 cm (0.4 0.8 inch) per year, thus increasing the breadth of the ocean basin by twice that amount.
An oceanic (or maritime) climate is typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of all the world's continents, bordering cool oceans, as well as southeastern Australia, and is accompanied by plentiful precipitation year round.
Sitting in the middle of the continent, bordering one-fifth of the world's fresh water supply to the east and a thousand miles of some of the best farmland on Earth to the west, this metropolis of ten million is uniquely positioned as the ostensible capital of North America.
Its name is not entirely accurate, for in a hydrologic context the gulf has to be considered more as a sea bordering the North American continent than as simply a river mouth.
