Separatist groups rattle the border provinces of Baluchistan and Kurdistan.
Mexicans in the northern border provinces have been hurt by the collapse of America's car industry.
The border provinces, however, were administered by royally appointed governors with civil and military functions.
Local people complain that rents in the usually affordable towns in Turkish border provinces have doubled or tripled.
Now the conflict between north and south is centered on the border provinces, where Garang's northern soldiers were marooned.
Some are in jail, some live in border provinces distant from programs created in Tehran, and many lead transient lives.
As was the usual Frankish practice, border provinces (Marken, or marches) were instituted in the newly won southeastern territories.
In the recent flooding in the eastern Afghan border provinces, the Afghan Air Force rescued more than 2,000 citizens.
Under the Ecuadorean Constitution, that would allow him to replace the civilian governors of border provinces with military officers, as has been suggested, and suspend some civil liberties.
But what most bothers Russian experts is not the potential for Chinese immigration: right now, there are no more than 250,000 Chinese in the Russian border provinces.
That does not inevitably entitle the Kurds to more than a dozen disputed towns and villages in three border provinces: Kirkuk, Nineveh and Diyala.
