(Modern jacks, although metal or plastic, still resemble their bony shape).
The morphology shows a stable, but deficient bony shape of the acetabulum and femur and a broadened cartilage roof.
Trochlear cartilage shape assessed on MRI might not be aligned with the bony shape of the trochlea on a Merchant view.
Both are investigated in our study: the status of subacromial tissues will be investigated with MRI, and we will use bony shape parameters, 3D kinematics and muscle activation patterns, to study their role on the subacromial volume of each patient.
As this subacromial space is mainly limited by the scapula and humerus, the interaction of (bony) shape parameters and the (dynamic) position of these structures will be investigated as well.
Nasal turbinates are horizontal bony structures shaped like scallop seashells.
A Princeton senior has gained attention for breaking new ground in the study of dinosaurs, providing evidence that among a species of Stegosaurus, males and females had differently shaped bony back plates.
The African bullfrog (Pyxicephalus), which preys on relatively large animals such as mice and other frogs, has cone shaped bony projections called odontoid processes at the front of the lower jaw which function like teeth.
3D kinematics and MRI bony segmentation (3D shape parameters of scapula and humerus) will be combined in custom made computer software (Articulus, Clinical Graphics, Delft, the Netherlands) to reconstruct the subacromial space volume and AH during recorded humerus elevations, allowing dynamic measurements of patient-specific subacromial space characteristics [ 5, 62, 63].
Sharks and rays retain a cartilaginous vertebral column; bony fishes have spool-shaped vertebrae that in the more primitive living forms only partially replace the notochord.
