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To provide stable implant fixation and to reestablish the correct joint line bony defects can be treated with cement, modular augments, custom-made implants, and bone grafts [ 3- 5].
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Most patients required a large bony reconstruction (on average, 6.0 cm), and the complexity of the 3-dimensional bony defect can be restored by the number of osteotomies made to contour the flap adequately.
The defects can be graded into cavitary (with an enlarged acetabular cavity but with an intact bony rim), segmental (where some part of the acetabular rim is absent), and pelvic discontinuity.
Septal defects can be repaired surgically.
Up to 50% of all defects can be latent.
Both defects can be remedied, though.
Defects can be immaterial, too.
These cartilage and bony defects can cause substantial pain and functional disability.
Based on the literature and their own experience, the authors conclude that most patients with C-2 spondylolysis remain neurologically intact, maintain stability despite the bony defect, and can be managed conservatively.
The bony structure can be palpated by guide pin.
In osseous coalitions bony bridging can be found in the CT scan.
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