The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of combinations of autogenous bone graft with a synthetic copolymer polylactic and polyglycolic acid (Fisiograft) on bone healing of buccal dehiscence defects around immediate dental implants.
"More or Less the Same" (2011) consists of 80 sculptures on shiny metal stands, each a conjunction of a synthetic human bone and a tool or other object neatly wrapped in silvery gray thread.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical, radiological, histological, and histomorphometric aspects of a synthetic BCP (Straumann® Bone Ceramic, Institut Straumann AG, Basel Switzerland) that was used in a MSFE procedure with 9- and 12-month healing times.
Hou et al described patients treated with minimally invasive curettage, ethanol cauterisation, disruption of the cystic boundary, insertion of a synthetic calcium sulphate bone-graft substitute, and placement of a cannulated screw to provide drainage, and reported that these patients had the highest rate of healing and shortest time to union when compared with three other techniques.
Augmentation of the maxilla was performed by guided bone regeneration with autologous bone from the mandibular ramus harvested by bone scrapers, a synthetic bone substitute, and collagen membrane.
Potential limitations in this study include the use of a synthetic femur rather than cadaveric bone.
Chronological classification has also been proposed to divide all developed bone substitutes into five generations: xeno-, ando-, autogenicenic bone fragments not specifically processed; preserved allogenic bone materials; bone matrix analogues of synthetic and natural origin, including items with growth factors; tissue-engineered bone grafts; and gene-activated bone substitutes [ 5].
The added morbidity resulting from bone graft harvest may be eliminated by the use of a biocompatible synthetic bone graft substitute with osteoconductive abilities, and when used with an osteoinductive agent, such as recombinant bone morphogenic protein (rhBMP 2, it may facilitate arthrodesis similar to autograft.
Therefore, the use of bone substitutes made of synthetic calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics has become more widespread.
Table 2 Types of bone used in guided bone regeneration GBR Auto only Auto + xeno Xeno only Syn only Total No 40 44 79 17 180 % 22.2 24.4 43.9 9.4 100.0 GBR guided bone regeneration, auto autogenous bone, xeno xenogenic bone, syn synthetic material, No number of sextants.
