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The available bone volume is often limited for implant placement (e.g. above the mandibular nerve) due to jawbone underdevelopment in the area with the agenetic teeth as well as that the bone volume can be reduced due to physiological resorption of the alveolar process after a deciduous tooth without a successor has been lost.
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While tibial bone area is affected only by physical performance, total tibial cartilage volume can be influenced by both physical activity and performance in younger adults.
But volume can be a tricky thing.
The residual volume can be used to compare models derived from threshold ranges other than the widely-accepted software-default HU range for bone used here.
Studies on the microstructural and mechanical properties of tibial cancellous bone by Ding and colleagues have revealed that the SMI and the bone volume fraction can be primary determinants of cancellous bone mechanical properties [ 34].
From these, the volume of each bone segment can be calculated, and the mass of the bone can be calculated using estimates of modern bone density.
This provides a large volume of corticocancellous bone material that can be used as autologous bone graft.
Structures such as cartilage volume and bone marrow lesions can be measured.
Bone resorption and bone formation markers can be measured.
Using MDCT, 3D volume sets are acquired and from these BMD values and bone geometry can be measured [ 9, 10].
When more bone is needed, donor bones can be used.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com