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The LIF−/− mouse is infertile due to failure of implantation [8] and shows decreased bone volume associated with increased osteoclast number and size [21].
The LIFR−/− mouse is embryonic lethal and shows impaired placental formation, decreased bone volume associated with increased osteoclast number and size, decreased sensory neuron survival, decreased numbers of spinal and brainstem astrocytes and elevated liver glycogen [22].
The authors observed severe reduction of trabecular bone volume associated with an increased cortical porosity in the MLII mice compared to control mice.
That the decrease in bone volume associated with osteoporosis is accompanied by an increase in marrow adipose tissue is clinically well known [ 1].
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Man: ...earlier with the loan volume associated with Corinthian borrowers of the last five years.
Runx2 deficiency in chondrocytes causes enhanced adipogenic differentiation, while PPAR γ haploinsufficient mice show an increase in bone mass associated with a loss of adipose tissue volume.
Moreover, our recent longitudinal data have suggested that increased patella bone volume may be advantageous to patellofemoral joint health, as increased baseline bone volume was associated with a reduction in the rate of patella cartilage volume loss [ 20].
Magnetic resonance imaging-based visualization of the whole knee structure demonstrates that increased tibial subchondral bone volume is associated with severity of knee OA [ 7].
It was also found that bone volume fraction is associated with the Young's modulus [ 36].
For the patella, 27% of the variation in patella cartilage volume was associated with patella bone volume.
The reduction of bone strength decreased bone elasticity and loss of bone elasticity is associated with bone fracture [ 32].
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