Furthermore, the SMI was significantly higher than in the other groups, suggesting that Cel reduced bone mass and changed trabecular bone structure from the plate to the rod shape.
Osteoporosis is three times more common in women than in men, because women have a lower peak bone mass and hormonal changes occur at the menopause.
As most fractures at hip, vertebrae or wrist tend to start in the trabecular (cancellous) bone, with a decrease of bone mass and microarchitectural changes, an understanding of the mechanical properties of trabecular bone is extremely important in the evaluation of the risk of fracture [ 40, 41].
Osteoporosis is a reduction in bone mass and a change in microarchitecture, which increases the susceptibility to fractures.
The aim of this longitudinal animal study therefore was to determine the effects of long-term treadmill exercise on bone mass and degenerative change of knee joint cartilage in OVX rats.
In elderly women, loss in bone mass and micro-architectural changes are generally attributed to the onset of menopause.
It is characterized by low bone mass and micro-architectural changes in bone which contribute to increased bone fragility and risk of fracture 77.
This is consistent with the finding that the age of mice used in this study had measurable age-related deterioration in bone mass and architecture but no change in muscle area compared to young adult mice.
54 Although most of the attention is focused on fractures in relation to bone mass and strength, numerous age-related changes have been found to be significantly related to fall risk.
If bone structure changes were already apparent, it would be difficult to detect changes in bone mass and volume during a treatment period of only 14 days.
Recently, it has been reported that, although RIS had a role in mineralization, it did not change bone mass and bone structure markedly [ 8- 10].
