A hallmark of CML is the expansion of immature progenitor cells of the myeloid lineage in the bone marrow compartment, so that the majority of peripheral circulating CD34+ cells from CML patients are myeloid (Fialkow et al, 1977).
These interactions result in the enhancement of MCP-1 secretion which is dependent on the presence and viability of the bone marrow compartment as well as other cells of the bone tissue.
Targeting CD11b+ cells either by a monoclonal antibody or depletion of the bone marrow compartment improved RT response and prevented recurrence, whereas infusion of CD11b+ myeloid cells enhanced tumour regrowth after local radiation (Ahn et al, 2010; Kioi et al, 2010; Kozin et al, 2010).
Splenomegaly often reflects an expansion of cellular proliferation outside of the bone marrow compartment, and is called extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH).
Moreover, due to a biological division of the bone marrow compartment, granulocytes and other nonfat entities accumulate at the boundary of the bone marrow compartment adjacent to the endosteum.
Moreover, 18F-FLT PET/CT was characterized by high background activity in the bone marrow compartment, further complicating the evaluation of bone marrow lesions.
Another finding of our analysis is the high background 18F-FLT activity in the bone marrow compartment, which further complicates the evaluation of bone marrow lesions in 18F-FLT PET/CT.
Despite a similar peripheral profile characterized by severe CD4+ T-lymphopenia, heightened plasma IL-7 levels and reduced IL-7Rα+CD4+/CD8+ T cell levels, the investigation of the bone marrow compartment revealed divergent IL-7/IL-7R production between INRs and CFs.
Thus, the occurrence of hyperplasia with increased neutrophils and granulocyte precursors gives rise to an increase in the myeloid: erythroid (M E) ratio, whilst additional alterations, including increases in monocytes, macrophages, plasma cells and the number of Mott cells, indicate an antigenic stimulation associated with infection of the bone marrow compartment [15], [16].
This includes circulating osteoprogenitors originating from the bone compartment, as irradiation of the bone marrow compartment can attenuate ectopic bone formation [ 39].
