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This system was achieved based on dual-crosslinked Diels-Alder (DA) covalent bonding reaction.
The mechanism involved in the enhanced antibacterial activity of antibiotics with AgNPs may be attributed to the bonding reaction between nanoparticles and antibiotic molecules.
Fayaz et al. (2010) also studied the combined antimicrobial effect of antibiotics and Ag-NPs and suggested that the increase in synergistic effect may be caused by the bonding reaction between antibiotic and Ag-NPs.
When the probe molecules expose to the target which is a mismatched DNA (non-complimentary) in this step, there is no bonding reaction between two pairs of DNA strands since they cannot hybrid because of the presence of mismatched base pair as illustrated in Figure 4.
Results from chemical modification of the silica gel surface, i.e. carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen content after each bonding reaction determined by elemental analysis, are presented in Table 1.
Due to this unique protein bonding reaction, TGases have been used to improve the functional properties of protein-based food ingredients, such as their texture, stability, and water binding capacity [ 1, 2].
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The AuNPs on the surface of the GO sheets were immobilizing using a Cys linker to promote covalent bonding reactions between the AuNPs and GO.
The BSA protein was immobilized onto the ends of GO sheets using EDC/NHS to activate and promote covalent bonding reactions between carboxyl groups on GO and –HN2 of BSA.
The protocol presents a mild and energy-efficient system which offers a viable method for the generation of acyl radicals and their employment in C C bonding reactions.
Gel spots 11 and 14 were identified as variants of protein disulphide isomerase (PDI), endoplasmic reticulum enzymes that catalyse intramolecular disulphide bonding reactions, such as the trimer formation of procollagen from polypeptides [ 62].
Other potential uses are: illustration of atomic or molecular movement, dative bond, reaction coordinate etc.
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