However, between-group differences in BOLD response remained significant after controlling for age, full-scale IQ, and n-back performance.
To create strains with the modules integrated in the reverse direction, the italicized sequences were switched between the two primers, whereas the bold sequences remained the same.
Carmichael et al. [ 2008] confirmed (through arterial spin labelling) that CBF and BOLD signals remained normally coupled (i.e., positively correlated) in regions exhibiting strong decreases.
Moreover, the mean caudate BOLD response remained significantly attenuated in patients when including caudate region of interest baseline perfusion as a covariate [ F 1, 32) = 12.79, P = 0.001, = 0.29], supporting a veridical reduction in caudate recruitment during executive functioning in insomnia.
Upon controlling for age by introducing age as an additional covariate into the SPM analysis, VS PE BOLD signal remained associated with fluid IQ (left VS: x/ y/ z = −16/3/−8, pFWE corrected for VS VOI = 0.045, T = 3.11, right VS: x/ y/ z = 20/3/−8, pFWE corrected for VS VOI = 0.006, T = 4.30), suggesting that this association was not simply explained by an age-related decline in fluid IQ.
Epileptic spike-related BOLD decreases remain unexplained because epileptic discharges are a marker of neuronal hyperexcitability, while BOLD decreases are thought to mainly reflect decreased blood flow linked to decreased neuronal activity [Shmuel et al., 2006] (although purely haemodynamic effects have also been proposed [Harel et al., 2002]).
Unfortunately, amidst the confused priorities of this administration, such bold initiatives remain but distant possibilities.
The point is, bold options remain open to Obama.
Accessions that were sequenced are in bold; the remaining accessions were analyzed with the HRM approach only.
Despite helpful computational models in the macaque (Rust et al., 2006), attempts to model changes in the BOLD responses remain challenging (Hallum et al., 2011; Kay et al., 2013).
