Consistent with a previous report (Lei et al., 2009), whole-body depletion of Sun2 (i.e. Sun2 −/−) did not lead to any distinguishing somatic organ abnormalities or changes in body weight, compared with WT mice (P=0.3185; supplementary material Fig. S1C).
Basic feed contains various essential antioxidants for bodies; depletion of antioxidants (such as VE) results in metabolism disorders, and aggravation of free radicals chain reaction, oxidation and peroxidation injury of RNA, DNA, protein, enzyme and biomembrane, and final induction of diseases [ 23].
Low serum or whole body sodium depletion is associated with decreased postnatal growth [52].
The decision how to best supplement is challenging, as serum sodium concentration may be lagging total body sodium depletion and its value is inevitably affected by hydration status [38].
However, Levine and Saltzmann [27] observed loss of body weight, depletion of liver glycogen, decrease in blood glucose and loss of amino acids in rats that were starved overnight and reported that feeding sugar overnight maintained metabolic homeostasis in rats and is preferable to overnight starvation.
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial, multifaceted syndrome, in particular characterized by marked loss of body weight, depletion of fat and muscle mass and protein hypercatabolism in many tissues.
This results in a lean body mass depletion.
Overuse of diuretic or cathartic drugs can lead to massive total body potassium depletion, causing rhabdomyolysis [ 77].
MUAC can be used as a proxy of BMI and may be a better indicator of lean body mass depletion[ 5].
Although a low serum phosphate level does not necessarily correlate with clinically relevant total body phosphate depletion, it should be considered that hypophosphataemia may cause muscle weakness [39].
The primary site of lean body mass depletion is the skeletal muscle and this is due to an increased rate of protein turnover without an appropriately significant increase in protein synthesis [ 45].
