The cluster of rabbit HEV sequences was also distinct from the HEV sequences from wild-boar and rat HEV genotypes that were characterized recently.
The campaign focused heavily on the more than 130 wildlife markets in Guangdong Province, where breeders, traders and buyers traffic in the animals -- dogs, cats, boars, ostriches, rats, turtles -- that are considered delicacies by many diners.
This clade was clearly separated from genotypes 1 4, found in other mammals and from the new HEV genotypes found in wild boars and rats.
These comparisons therefore indicate that the sequences of the rabbit HEV strains and the TLS-18516-human strain are distinct from all known strains of HEV genotypes 1 4 and from the newly described HEV genotypes from wild boars and rats.
The 22 selected wild animals included nine mammals (monkey, wild boar, civet, bat, rat, slow loris, flying squirrel, shrew, and squirrel), three birds (kingfisher, crow, and swallow), one reptile (snake), one amphibian (frog), and eight insects (beetle, cricket, cicada, butterfly, dragonfly, wasp, bee, and firefly).
Cluster 3 consisted of mammals (flying squirrel, shrew, slow loris, monkey, civet, bat, rat, and wild boar), snake, and crow (Fig. 2).
Phylogenetic trees were generated on the basis of the nucleotide sequences derived from the entire genome and ORF3 of the genotypes 1 4, wild boar, rabbit, chicken, and rat HEV isolates.
Vietnam now has unprecedented demands for meat from livestock, and many wildlife species are now commonly farmed (e.g., bamboo rat, wild boar, civet, porcupine) (Brooks et al. 2010; Drury 2009).
Alternative splicing of the high-affinity receptors was demonstrated for TβRI in mouse, rat and boar [ 13, 26, 27], and for TβRII in mouse and human [ 28- 30].
