Blood sampling for determination of FDG plasma concentrations in the current study eliminated spillover effects on the late phase of the arterial input function; the validity of this method has been shown before [8].
Continuous hemodynamic monitoring, blood sampling, and determination of EVLW by single indicator transpulmonary dilution was done using a PiCCO plus monitor (Pulsion Medical System, Munich, Germany).
Techniques and time points of blood sampling for determination of blood gases, arterial lactate, electrolytes, hemoglobin, platelets, white blood cell count, serum creatinine, total bilirubin, creatine-kinase, troponin, plasma IL-6 andTNF-α are described in Additional file 1.
Measurements of postprandial capillary blood glucose concentrations and blood sampling for determination of insulin in plasma were performed over 3 h at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min after ingestion of the test food.
The most accurate means of measuring blood loss is venous blood sampling for determination of hemoglobin concentration; however, such methods have not been broadly adopted because they are neither practical nor affordable in most clinical settings [ 39].
Throughout the insulin clamp, blood samples for determination of plasma glucose concentration were drawn every 5 minutes, and blood samples for determination of plasma insulin and H-3-glucose radioactivity were collected every 10 15 minutes.
Resting blood samples (for determination of glucose, insulin, and leptin concentrations), body condition scores, feed information, and health history were collected from 366 privately owned horses.
Blood samples for determination of BNP, cTnI, and C-reactive protein levels were obtained at hospital discharge and the 1-month, 3-month, and 1-year follow up visits.
