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Through its blood network the dermis supplies nourishment to the overlying epidermis.
Abnormal architecture of the tumor blood network, as well as heterogeneous erythrocyte flow, leads to temporal fluctuations in tissue oxygen tension exposing tumor and stromal cells to cycling hypoxia.
This is explained because the lesions are located all around the blood network covering a larger area than the network itself.
With this scenario the pattern of migration and colonization of malignant cells should be directly linked with the structure of the distributing blood network.
The main results of the KMC model is that as the malignant cells diffuse through the blood network colonizing at first contact (with given, small probability), the colonies at the beginning of the process seem to be scattered randomly in the body.
As with the gene in-degree analysis we once again see much stronger differential-targeting of functions in the sputum network comparison relative to the blood network comparison.
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However, a handful of transcription factors appear to have opposite patterns in the sputum and the blood networks.
Therefore, to partially address our lack of healthy controls, we next directly compared the transcription-factor specific differential-targeting of functions in the sputum versus the blood networks.
However, by focusing on sex differences we observed just in the sputum networks and not the blood networks, we believe our findings are likely to represent sex-specific network alterations that are important for COPD.
On the other hand, there is a relatively smaller subset of transcription factors – those with negative correlation coefficients – whose sexually-dimorphic targeting of these important functions is opposite in the sputum and blood networks.
Most transcription factors have a high positive correlation value, indicating that they are increasing/decreasing their targeting of these biological functions between men and women similarly in both sputum and blood networks.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com